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Post-evaluation of a water pollution control plan: methodology and case study

Lin ZENG,Xin DONG,Siyu ZENG,Tianzhu ZHANG,Jing LI,Jining CHEN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 712-724 doi: 10.1007/s11783-015-0773-2

摘要： China has developed more than 20 water pollution control plans for river basins (RBWPs) since 1996. However, the implementation has generally lagged. This paper proposes a three-step, post-evaluation methodology to analyze the implementation result of a RBWP and its influential factors. First, a multi-attribute evaluation method based on an index system is established to score the enforcement results of a RBWP. Indicators measure how well a RBWP has achieved its objectives, which include water quality compliance, pollution load control, project construction, financial inputs, and related management requirements. Second, an interpretive structural model is used to detect the significant factors that affect RBWP implementation. This model can effectively analyze the cause-effect chain and hierarchical relationship among variables. Five groups of factors were identified, namely, plan preparation, water resource endowment, policy, institution, and management. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are employed in the third step to evaluate the extent to which these factors have influenced the execution result of a RBWP, including pre-post contrast, scenario analysis, and correlation analysis. This research then post-evaluated the implementation of the Huai River Basin water pollution control plans (H-RBWPs) over a period of 10 years as a case study. Results showed that the implementation of the H-RBWPs was unsatisfactory during 2001–2005, although it improved during 2006–2010. The poor execution of these plans was partially caused by the underestimation of regional economic development in combination with ineffective industrial structure adjustment policies. Therefore, this case study demonstrates the feasibility and flexibility of the proposed post-evaluation methodology.

关键词： river basin     water pollution control plan     post plan evaluation     multi-attribute comprehensive evaluation     interpretive structural model     combined qualitative/quantitative method    

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Evaluation of liquefaction-induced lateral displacement using Bayesian belief networks

Mahmood AHMAD, Xiao-Wei TANG, Jiang-Nan QIU, Feezan AHMAD

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 80-98 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0682-3

摘要： Liquefaction-induced lateral displacement is responsible for considerable damage to engineered structures during major earthquakes. Therefore, an accurate estimation of lateral displacement in liquefaction-prone regions is an essential task for geotechnical experts for sustainable development. This paper presents a novel probabilistic framework for evaluating liquefaction-induced lateral displacement using the Bayesian belief network (BBN) approach based on an interpretive structural modeling technique. The BBN models are trained and tested using a wide-range case-history records database. The two BBN models are proposed to predict lateral displacements for free-face and sloping ground conditions. The predictive performance results of the proposed BBN models are compared with those of frequently used multiple linear regression and genetic programming models. The results reveal that the BBN models are able to learn complex relationships between lateral displacement and its influencing factors as cause–effect relationships, with reasonable precision. This study also presents a sensitivity analysis to evaluate the impacts of input factors on the lateral displacement.

关键词： Bayesian belief network     seismically induced soil liquefaction     interpretive structural modeling     lateral displacement    

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Model validation for structural dynamics in the aero-engine design process

Chaoping ZANG, D. J. EWINS,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第4期   页码 480-488 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0043-8

摘要： A model validation technique in structural dynamics and its application in aero-engine development is introduced. The concept and the approaches of model validation based on reference data supplied from experimental tests or from supermodel simulation are discussed in detail. An aero-engine component is used as an example to demonstrate the validation using the experimental test and supermodel information, respectively. A satisfactory agreement with both approaches is achieved, and finally, a strategy of model validation for the whole engine model is introduced.

关键词： model validation     aero-engine     structural dynamics    

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Heuristic solution using decision tree model for enhanced XML schema matching of bridge structural calculation

Sang I. PARK, Sang-Ho LEE

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第6期   页码 1403-1417 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0666-8

摘要： Research on the quality of data in a structural calculation document (SCD) is lacking, although the SCD of a bridge is used as an essential reference during the entire lifecycle of the facility. XML Schema matching enables qualitative improvement of the stored data. This study aimed to enhance the applicability of XML Schema matching, which improves the speed and quality of information stored in bridge SCDs. First, the authors proposed a method of reducing the computing time for the schema matching of bridge SCDs. The computing speed of schema matching was increased by 13 to 1800 times by reducing the checking process of the correlations. Second, the authors developed a heuristic solution for selecting the optimal weight factors used in the matching process to maintain a high accuracy by introducing a decision tree. The decision tree model was built using the content elements stored in the SCD, design companies, bridge types, and weight factors as input variables, and the matching accuracy as the target variable. The inverse-calculation method was applied to extract the weight factors from the decision tree model for high-accuracy schema matching results.

关键词： structural calculation document     bridge structure     XML Schema matching     weight factor     data mining     decision tree model    

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A hybrid deep learning model for robust prediction of the dimensional accuracy in precision milling ofthin-walled structural components

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第17卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0688-0

摘要： The use of artificial intelligence to process sensor data and predict the dimensional accuracy of machined parts is of great interest to the manufacturing community and can facilitate the intelligent production of many key engineering components. In this study, we develop a predictive model of the dimensional accuracy for precision milling of thin-walled structural components. The aim is to classify three typical features of a structural component—squares, slots, and holes—into various categories based on their dimensional errors (i.e., “high precision,” “pass,” and “unqualified”). Two different types of classification schemes have been considered in this study: those that perform feature extraction by using the convolutional neural networks and those based on an explicit feature extraction procedure. The classification accuracy of the popular machine learning methods has been evaluated in comparison with the proposed deep learning model. Based on the experimental data collected during the milling experiments, the proposed model proved to be capable of predicting dimensional accuracy using cutting parameters (i.e., “static features”) and cutting-force data (i.e., “dynamic features”). The average classification accuracy obtained using the proposed deep learning model was 9.55% higher than the best machine learning algorithm considered in this paper. Moreover, the robustness of the hybrid model has been studied by considering the white Gaussian and coherent noises. Hence, the proposed hybrid model provides an efficient way of fusing different sources of process data and can be adopted for prediction of the machining quality in noisy environments.

关键词： precision milling     dimensional accuracy     cutting force     convolutional neural networks     coherent noise    

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Identification of structural parameters and boundary conditions using a minimum number of measurement

Ali KARIMPOUR, Salam RAHMATALLA

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第6期   页码 1331-1348 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0686-4

摘要： This article proposes a novel methodology that uses mathematical and numerical models of a structure to build a data set and determine crucial nodes that possess the highest sensitivity. Regression surfaces between the structural parameters and structural output features, represented by the natural frequencies of the structure and local transmissibility, are built using the numerical data set. A description of a possible experimental application is provided, where sensors are mounted at crucial nodes, and the natural frequencies and local transmissibility at each natural frequency are determined from the power spectral density and the power spectral density ratios of the sensor responses, respectively. An inverse iterative process is then applied to identify the structural parameters by matching the experimental features with the available parameters in the myriad numerical data set. Three examples are presented to demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of the proposed methodology. The results reveal that the method was able to accurately identify the boundary coefficients and physical parameters of the Euler-Bernoulli beam as well as a highway bridge model with elastic foundations using only two measurement points. It is expected that the proposed method will have practical applications in the identification and analysis of restored structural systems with unknown parameters and boundary coefficients.

关键词： structural model validation     eigenvalue problem     response surface     inverse problems    

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Proposal of a probabilistic assessment of structural collapse concomitantly subject to earthquake and

Gholamreza ABDOLLAHZADEH, Hadi FAGHIHMALEKI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 425-437 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0427-5

摘要：

In recent decades, many public buildings, located in seismic-prone residential areas, had to grapple with abnormal loads against which the structures were unguarded. In this piece of research, an ordinary three dimensional reinforced concrete building is selected as case study. The building is located in an earthquake-prone region; however, it is designed according to seismic building codes. Yet, it is not shielded against abnormal loads, such as blasts. It is assumed that the building suffers a blast load, due to mechanical/thermal installation failure during or after intense seismic oscillations. These two critical incidents are regarded codependent and compatible. So the researchers developed scenarios and tried to assess different probabilities for each scenario and carried out an analysis to ensure if progressive collapse had set in or not. In the first step, two analysis models were used for each scenario; a non-linear dynamic time history analysis and a blast local dynamic analysis. In the second step, having the structural destructions of the first step in view, a pushdown analysis was carried out to determine the severity of progressive collapse and assess building robustness. Finally, the annual probability of structural collapse under simultaneous earthquake and blast loads was estimated and offered.

关键词： gas blast     pushdown analysis     progressive collapse     annual probability of structural collapse     3D model of structure    

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Estimation of flexible pavement structural capacity using machine learning techniques

Nader KARBALLAEEZADEH, Hosein GHASEMZADEH TEHRANI, Danial MOHAMMADZADEH SHADMEHRI, Shahaboddin SHAMSHIRBAND

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第5期   页码 1083-1096 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0654-z

摘要： The most common index for representing structural condition of the pavement is the structural number. The current procedure for determining structural numbers involves utilizing falling weight deflectometer and ground-penetrating radar tests, recording pavement surface deflections, and analyzing recorded deflections by back-calculation manners. This procedure has two drawbacks: falling weight deflectometer and ground-penetrating radar are expensive tests; back-calculation ways has some inherent shortcomings compared to exact methods as they adopt a trial and error approach. In this study, three machine learning methods entitled Gaussian process regression, M5P model tree, and random forest used for the prediction of structural numbers in flexible pavements. Dataset of this paper is related to 759 flexible pavement sections at Semnan and Khuzestan provinces in Iran and includes “structural number” as output and “surface deflections and surface temperature” as inputs. The accuracy of results was examined based on three criteria of , , and . Among the methods employed in this paper, random forest is the most accurate as it yields the best values for above criteria ( =0.841, =0.592, and =0.760). The proposed method does not require to use ground penetrating radar test, which in turn reduce costs and work difficulty. Using machine learning methods instead of back-calculation improves the calculation process quality and accuracy.

关键词： transportation infrastructure     flexible pavement     structural number prediction     Gaussian process regression     M5P model tree     random forest    

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Impact analytical models for earthquake-induced pounding simulation

Kun YE, Li LI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第2期   页码 142-147 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0029-y

摘要： Structural pounding under earthquake has been recently extensively investigated using various impact analytical models. In this paper, a brief review on the commonly used impact analytical models is conducted. Based on this review, the formula used to determine the damping constant related to the impact spring stiffness, coefficient of restitution, and relative approaching velocity in the Hertz model with nonlinear damping is found to be incorrect. To correct this error, a more accurate approximating formula for the damping constant is theoretically derived and numerically verified. At the same time, a modified Kelvin impact model, which can reasonably account for the physical nature of pounding and conveniently implemented in the earthquake-induced pounding simulation of structural engineering is proposed.

关键词： structural pounding     Hertz model     Kelvin model     nonlinear damping     coefficient of restitution    

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Prediction of cyclic large plasticity for prestrained structural steel using only tensile coupon tests

Liang-Jiu JIA, Tsuyoshi KOYAMA, Hitoshi KUWAMURA

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 466-476 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0219-5

摘要： Cold-formed steel members, which experience complicated prestrain histories, are frequently applied in structural engineering. This paper aims to predict cyclic plasticity of structural steels with tensile and compressive prestrain. Monotonic and cyclic tests on hourglass specimens with tensile and compressive prestrain are conducted, and compared with numerical simulations using the Chaboche model. Two approaches are taken in the simulation. The first requires only the monotonic tensile test data from the prestrained steels, and the second requires both the monotonic tensile test data from the virgin steel and the prestrain histories. The first approach slightly overestimates the compressive stress for specimens with tensile prestrain, while the second approach is able to accurately predict the cyclic plasticity in specimens with tensile and compressive prestrain.

关键词： cyclic plasticity     prestrain     Chaboche model     mild steel    

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Layout optimization of steel reinforcement in concrete structure using a truss-continuum model

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第5期   页码 669-685 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0963-0

摘要： Owing to advancement in advanced manufacturing technology, the reinforcement design of concrete structures has become an important topic in structural engineering. Based on bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO), a new approach is developed in this study to optimize the reinforcement layout in steel-reinforced concrete (SRC) structures. This approach combines a minimum compliance objective function with a hybrid truss-continuum model. Furthermore, a modified bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization (M-BESO) method is proposed to control the level of tensile stress in concrete. To fully utilize the tensile strength of steel and the compressive strength of concrete, the optimization sensitivity of steel in a concrete–steel composite is integrated with the average normal stress of a neighboring concrete. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed procedures, reinforcement layout optimizations of a simply supported beam, a corbel, and a wall with a window are conducted. Clear steel trajectories of SRC structures can be obtained using both methods. The area of ​​critical tensile stress in concrete yielded by the M-BESO is more than 40% lower than that yielded by the uniform design and BESO. Hence, the M-BESO facilitates a fully digital workflow that can be extremely effective for improving the design of steel reinforcements in concrete structures.

关键词： bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization     steel-reinforced concrete     concrete stress     reinforcement method     hybrid model    

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Analytical algorithms of compressive bending capacity of bolted circumferential joint in metro shield tunnels

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》   页码 901-914 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0915-8

摘要： The integrity and bearing capacity of segment joints in shield tunnels are associated closely with the mechanical properties of the joints. This study focuses on the mechanical characteristics and mechanism of a bolted circumferential joint during the entire bearing process. Simplified analytical algorithms for four stress stages are established to describe the bearing behaviors of the joint under a compressive bending load. A height adjustment coefficient, α, for the outer concrete compression zone is introduced into a simplified analytical model. Factors affecting α are determined, and the degree of influence of these factors is investigated via orthogonal numerical simulations. The numerical results show that α can be specified as approximately 0.2 for most metro shield tunnels in China. Subsequently, a case study is performed to verify the rationality of the simplified theoretical analysis for the segment joint via numerical simulations and experiments. Using the proposed simplified analytical algorithms, a parametric investigation is conducted to discuss the factors affecting the ultimate compressive bending capacity of the joint. The method for optimizing the joint flexural stiffness is clarified. The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the design and prediciting the damage of bolted segment joints in shield tunnels.

关键词： shield tunnel     segment joint     joint structural model     failure mechanism    

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An efficient two-stage approach for structural damage detection using meta-heuristic algorithms and groupmethod of data handling surrogate model

Hamed FATHNEJAT, Behrouz AHMADI-NEDUSHAN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第4期   页码 907-929 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0628-1

摘要： In this study, the performance of an efficient two-stage methodology which is applied in a damage detection system using a surrogate model of the structure has been investigated. In the first stage, in order to locate the damage accurately, the performance of the modal strain energy based index for using different numbers of natural mode shapes has been evaluated using the confusion matrix. In the second stage, to estimate the damage extent, the sensitivity of most used modal properties due to damage, such as natural frequency and flexibility matrix is compared with the mean normalized modal strain energy (MNMSE) of suspected damaged elements. Moreover, a modal property change vector is evaluated using the group method of data handling (GMDH) network as a surrogate model during damage extent estimation by optimization algorithm; in this part of methodology, the performance of the three popular optimization algorithms including particle swarm optimization (PSO), bat algorithm (BA), and colliding bodies optimization (CBO) is examined and in this regard, root mean square deviation ( ) based on the modal property change vector has been proposed as an objective function. Furthermore, the effect of noise in the measurement of structural responses by the sensors has also been studied. Finally, in order to achieve the most generalized neural network as a surrogate model, GMDH performance is compared with a properly trained cascade feed-forward neural network (CFNN) with log-sigmoid hidden layer transfer function. The results indicate that the accuracy of damage extent estimation is acceptable in the case of integration of PSO and MNMSE. Moreover, the GMDH model is also more efficient and mimics the behavior of the structure slightly better than CFNN model.

关键词： two-stage method     modal strain energy     surrogate model     GMDH     optimization damage detection    

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Cyclic stress-strain behavior of structural steel with yield-strength up to 460 N/mm

Yiyi CHEN,Wei SUN,Tak-Ming CHAN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第2期   页码 178-186 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0245-y

摘要： This paper presents a constitutive model based on Ramberg-Osgood equation to describe the hysteresis material behavior of structural carbon steel with nominal yield strength between 235 to 420 N/mm . The proposed model was calibrated against a series of cyclic material tests with strain amplitude varying from 0.5% to 2.0%. A simple relationship between the modular parameter and the yield strength was proposed. The calibrated Ramberg-Osgood model revealed excellent agreement with the experimental results and captured further the experimental behavior of test specimens with nominal yield strength of 460 N/mm . The proposed constitutive model was also adopted in conjunction with the combined kinematic/isotropic materials description in ABAQUS to mimic a full scale experimental test under cyclic loading. The numerical results revealed close agreement with the experimental observations.

关键词： constitutive model     finite element analysis     hysteresis curve     Ramberg-Osgood equation    

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基于RTK GPS系统的结构安全监测系统研究

王人鹏,姚连璧,孟晓林

《中国工程科学》 2011年 第13卷 第3期   页码 63-70

摘要：

利用GPS系统在线监测获取的大量结构响应数据，完成了大量数据处理工作，得到了结构响应的时间序列。在此基础上，完成了结构响应的谱分析，初步建立了结构响应的状态空间模型及ARMA（autoregressive moving average method）模型。计算分析结果与大桥通车试验的实测结果及有限元模型预测结果相当吻合。研究表明，基于结构响应的状态空间模型及ARMA模型是评估结构动力性能的有力工具，同时进一步验证了通过RTK GPS系统建立结构安全监测系统的可能性。

关键词： RTK GPS系统     时间序列     状态空间模型     ARMA模型     有限元模型    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Post-evaluation of a water pollution control plan: methodology and case study

Lin ZENG,Xin DONG,Siyu ZENG,Tianzhu ZHANG,Jing LI,Jining CHEN

期刊论文

Evaluation of liquefaction-induced lateral displacement using Bayesian belief networks

Mahmood AHMAD, Xiao-Wei TANG, Jiang-Nan QIU, Feezan AHMAD

期刊论文

Model validation for structural dynamics in the aero-engine design process

Chaoping ZANG, D. J. EWINS,

期刊论文

Heuristic solution using decision tree model for enhanced XML schema matching of bridge structural calculation

Sang I. PARK, Sang-Ho LEE

期刊论文

A hybrid deep learning model for robust prediction of the dimensional accuracy in precision milling ofthin-walled structural components

期刊论文

Identification of structural parameters and boundary conditions using a minimum number of measurement

Ali KARIMPOUR, Salam RAHMATALLA

期刊论文

Proposal of a probabilistic assessment of structural collapse concomitantly subject to earthquake and

Gholamreza ABDOLLAHZADEH, Hadi FAGHIHMALEKI

期刊论文

Estimation of flexible pavement structural capacity using machine learning techniques

Nader KARBALLAEEZADEH, Hosein GHASEMZADEH TEHRANI, Danial MOHAMMADZADEH SHADMEHRI, Shahaboddin SHAMSHIRBAND

期刊论文

Impact analytical models for earthquake-induced pounding simulation

Kun YE, Li LI

期刊论文

Prediction of cyclic large plasticity for prestrained structural steel using only tensile coupon tests

Liang-Jiu JIA, Tsuyoshi KOYAMA, Hitoshi KUWAMURA

期刊论文

Layout optimization of steel reinforcement in concrete structure using a truss-continuum model

期刊论文

Analytical algorithms of compressive bending capacity of bolted circumferential joint in metro shield tunnels

期刊论文

An efficient two-stage approach for structural damage detection using meta-heuristic algorithms and groupmethod of data handling surrogate model

Hamed FATHNEJAT, Behrouz AHMADI-NEDUSHAN

期刊论文

Cyclic stress-strain behavior of structural steel with yield-strength up to 460 N/mm

Yiyi CHEN,Wei SUN,Tak-Ming CHAN

期刊论文

基于RTK GPS系统的结构安全监测系统研究

王人鹏,姚连璧,孟晓林

期刊论文